Assoc. Ivan Ivanov: Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws thiab angina

Cov txheej txheem:

Assoc. Ivan Ivanov: Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws thiab angina
Assoc. Ivan Ivanov: Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws thiab angina
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Assoc. Ivan Ivanov yog tus thawj coj ntawm National Reference Laboratory "Control and Monitoring of Antibiotic Resistance" ntawm National Center for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases

Nyob rau lub sijhawm World Antimicrobial Resistance thiab COVID-19 Awareness Week (Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 18 - 24, 2021), Prof. Ivanov piav qhia txog qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Prof. Ivanov, kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv Bulgaria yog dab tsi, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm COVID-19 kis thoob qhov txhia chaw?

- Kuv ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj uas sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab kuv tau pom qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo nyob rau lub hlis tsis ntev los no hauv Bulgaria.

Tsis zoo li peb, hauv Tebchaws Europe muaj kev nyiam los txo tag nrho cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 18%. Tawm ntawm 27 lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe uas tshaj tawm lawv cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv xyoo 2020, tsuas yog Bulgaria qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov neeg mob sab nraud, thiab los ntawm 30%.

Txawm lub tebchaws uas ib txwm siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis raug cai, xws li Ltalis, Tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Romania, qhia txog kev poob qis hauv lawv txoj kev siv.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau tshaj plaws hauv peb lub tebchaws, nrog kev loj hlob ntawm 40%, yog macrolides, uas yog kev cawm neeg txoj sia hauv kev saib xyuas sab nraud. Tshwj xeeb, kev siv azithromycin, tshuaj tua kab mob macrolide tseem ceeb, tau nce ntau dua 100%.

Qhov no sai sai no yuav ua rau cov kab mob microbial tsis kam rau macrolides thiab txo cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, uas feem ntau siv los kho cov mob me nyuam yaus xws li kab mob ntsws thiab angina. Yuav muaj

teeb meem kuj hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev sib deev, kab mob plab, thiab lwm yam. Qhov nce ntawm microbial tsis kam rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob no thiab hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis teb rau kev kho.

Hauv chav kuaj, peb tau txais kev nug txhua lub limtiam los ntawm cov kws kho mob txog kev kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntau yam. Yog li, qhov xwm txheej hauv Bulgaria tau dhau los ua qhov txaus ntshai heev. Hauv 2019, cov kab mob sib kis tau zoo hauv Bulgaria yog 44.9%. Tam sim no kuv ntshai txawm tias kwv yees li feem pua ntawm cov kab mob twb muaj kev tiv thaiv.

Vim li cas peb thiaj tso cai siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dhau?

- Cov neeg feem coob hauv Bulgaria xav tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob kho COVID-19 thiab lwm yam kab mob. Qhov tseeb tiag, tsuas yog 7% ntawm cov neeg mob tam sim no xav tau tshuaj tua kab mob - nrog cov pov thawj kis tau los ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj tus kabmob coronavirus, uas txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau kho hauv tsev kho mob. Kev cuam tshuam cov txheeb cais hauv kev saib xyuas tus neeg mob sab nraud: kwv yees li 75% ntawm cov tib neeg siv tsawg kawg yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab 34% thiab ntau dua nyob rau hauv kev kho rau COVID-19.

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Assoc. Ivan Ivanov

Qhov kev siv no rau cov mob me me thiab nruab nrab tau ntev tau ua pov thawj tias tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob COVID-19 tsim muaj kab mob ntsws uas tsis tuaj yeem kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov lus tseeb no yuav tsum ncav cuag cov kws kho mob thiab cov pej xeem sawv daws kom txwv tsis pub siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dhau, tsis tsim nyog thiab txaus ntshai heev.

Kev noj tus kheej yog qhov txaus ntshai sib npaug. Qee tus neeg tsuas yog pib noj tshuaj tua kab mob thaum lawv tau kuaj pom tus mob coronavirus thiab tsis muaj tsos mob. Kev tiv thaiv COVID-19 tsis tuaj yeem ua nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, kev tiv thaiv hauv cov ntaub ntawv loj tsuas yog ua nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tseeb tiag, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim hauv qee tus neeg, tab sis qhov no yog ib qho ntawm lawv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Koj puas xav tias Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv tsis raug suav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov npe tshuaj dawb hauv covid-zones?

- Yog lawm, thawj peb qhov kev npaj suav nrog hauv cov npe tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau sau npe dawb hauv covid-zones yog tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsis muaj leej twg raug pom zoo rau kev kho mob ntawm COVID-19 los ntawm European Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob lossis US Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob.

Peb los ntawm National Laboratory for Control and Monitoring of Antibiotic Resistance tau sau ib tsab ntawv nyob rau lub sijhawm no rau Ministry of He alth, txuas cov duab qhia txog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dhau hauv Bulgaria. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tau pom tseeb ntawm qhov no: tshuaj tua kab mob tsis muaj chaw nyob hauv kev kho mob ntawm COVID-19

Los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau teb rau peb li no: "Peb txaus siab rau koj txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, tab sis muaj cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob ua haujlwm hauv covid-zones, lawv txiav txim siab yuav tshuaj dab tsi rau cov neeg mob."

Qhov teeb meem yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev tshuaj dawb, thiab qhov ntawd piav qhia ntau heev. Qhov kev coj ua zoo li no yog qhov ua ntej hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb pom tseeb.

Puas yog cov kws tshawb fawb tsis ua haujlwm los tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshiab?

- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshiab yog qhov nyuaj los tsim. Tam sim no, 43 molecules tab tom kawm nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, tab sis tsuas yog 7 ntawm lawv tau dhau qhov kev sim tshuaj txaus txaus thiab tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv kev xyaum. Qhov teeb meem yog tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob 7 no muaj qhov qhia nqaim heev thiab tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob pan-resistant peb ntsib hauv tsev kho mob.

Thawj zaug, lub zej zog kev tshawb fawb tab tom tham txog kev siv lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov molecules no tsis yog tshuaj tua kab mob, tab sis immunostimulators, bacteriophages, monoclonal antibodies. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb tau pib txhawj xeeb tiag tiag tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, lawv tig mus rau lwm txoj kev kho mob.

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Assoc. Mihail Okoliyski: Qee tus kws kho mob tuav cov tshuaj no tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm

Thaum pib lub Ntiaj Teb Lub Limtiam mob siab rau kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb - Assoc. Mihail Okoliyski tau hais lus rau lub ncauj lus.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb hauv lub sijhawm ntawm COVID-19, thaum ntau qhov kev sim ntawm kev kho mob thiab cuam tshuam tus kab mob tau ua yuam kev los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob - hais tias Prof. Okoliiski. - Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dhau thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo yuav tsum ncav cuag txhua tus neeg. Kuv vam tias nws twb tau mus txog cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, txawm hais tias muaj coob tus kws kho mob sib ntaus sib tua nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.

Antimicrobial tsis kam yog ib qho kev hem thawj loj tshaj plaws rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv hauv ib puas xyoo tam sim no. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas WHO tau txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib qho ntawm kaum qhov kev hem thawj loj tshaj plaws rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau kev hloov pauv huab cua, cov kab mob tshwm sim txhua 5-6 xyoo, xws li SARS-CoV-2, thiab lwm yam.

Txawm hais tias WHO, suav nrog cov kws tshaj lij tshaj lij los ntawm National Center for Infectious thiab Parasitic Diseases thiab los ntawm cov kws kho tsiaj, peb xyoos dhau los tau tsim ntau qhov haujlwm National Program for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), nws tseem yog tsis tau txais los ntawm Ministry of He althcare. Peb tau siv zog ua kom Txoj Haujlwm txav los ntawm tus saib xyuas tus saib xyuas, tab sis nws tsis tshwm sim.

Peb cia siab tias tsoomfwv tshiab thiab tus kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tshiab yuav mob siab rau qhov teeb meem no vim tias qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm AMR twb tuag lawm

Ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam uas WHO pom zoo yog kev cob qhia cov kws kho mob tsis pub tshuaj tua kab mob yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua, tsis tas ua tshuaj tua kab mob. Peb xav kom lawv cov neeg mob kuj yuav txhawj xeeb txog lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab, ib yam li lawv txaus siab rau cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lawv kuj yuav txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dhau. Thiab qhov no txhais tau tias tsis muaj peev xwm kho tau txawm tias tsis muaj teeb meem nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob yav tom ntej.

Peb tau suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv ob xyoos kev koom tes nrog kev pom zoo ntawm WHO thiab tsoomfwv Bulgarian, uas tab tom yuav raug kos npe. Peb tseem yuav sim txhawb tsoomfwv kom txais yuav National Antimicrobial Resistance Program vim nws yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog tias tsis muaj kev siv zog ntawm lub xeev, qhov kev tsis zoo yuav tsis nres thiab ntau tus neeg Bulgarians yuav tuag los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lwm yam kab mob."

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