Dr. Raina Stoyanova: Mob plab mob hnyav ua rau tsis muaj vitamin B12

Cov txheej txheem:

Dr. Raina Stoyanova: Mob plab mob hnyav ua rau tsis muaj vitamin B12
Dr. Raina Stoyanova: Mob plab mob hnyav ua rau tsis muaj vitamin B12
Anonim

Tom qab kawm tiav, nws tau kawm tshwj xeeb hauv plab hnyuv hauv tsev kho mob loj "Lozenets", qhov chaw nws tau paub txog kev hloov tshuaj. Nws txoj kev mob siab rau kab mob siab kuj tau yug los nyob ntawd.

Tam sim no, nws yog tus pab ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Tshuaj Kho Mob thiab Kho Mob, thiab tus kws tshaj lij hauv endocrinology thiab cov kab mob metabolic ntawm Lub Tsev Kho Mob rau Metabolic-Endocrine Kab Mob thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm Tsaritsa Joanna-ISUL Tsev Kho Mob. Nws kuj ua haujlwm ntawm Sofia cov tshuaj kis las kis las thiab kho mob kho mob kho mob-kev sab laj SportMed.

Tsis tshua muaj zog, kiv taub hau, tinnitus, chim siab, teeb meem nco, kev nyuaj siab, mob plawv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem senile. Qee zaum qhov no tsuas yog pov thawj tias lub cev tsis muaj vitamin B12. Niaj hnub no, vitamin B12 tsis txaus yog qhov teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb. Nws pom muaj li ntawm 5% ntawm cov neeg laus.

Dr. Stoyanova, vitamin B12 yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb rau peb lub cev?

- Vitamin B12 yog lub npe hu ua vitamin complex tshaj hauv tib neeg lub cev vim nws cov metabolism. Vitamin B12 nws tus kheej muaj ib lub npe hu ua cob alt. Nws muaj ib tug heev complex qauv. Yog li ntawd, txhua hom vitamin kuj hu ua cobalamin. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom nws li cyanocobalamin - meej vim nws cov ntsiab lus cob alt. Txwv tsis pub, nws lwm cov ntaub ntawv yog methylcobalamin thiab pentdeoxy adenosinecobalamin - lawv yog cov ntaub ntawv uas ua haujlwm hauv tib neeg lub cev - uas yog, lawv yog ib feem ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm B12.

Nws cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig muaj nyob hauv ntau cov lus qhia. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau rau lub paj hlwb - ob qho tib si peripheral thiab central. Nws kuj txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov paj hlwb feem ntau. Nws tseem ceeb heev rau lub npe cell signaling - piv txwv li, kom roj cov neurotransmitters hauv tib neeg lub cev.

Cov vitamin tsawg cuam tshuam li cas rau peb lub cev?

- Thaum B12 qib qis lossis qis qis, peb raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm, kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam, piv txwv li, lub peev xwm nco thiab kev nkag siab ntawm kev paub tshiab. Qee lub xeev ntawm kev nyuaj siab thiab kev ntxhov siab tshwm sim. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau digestive mob. Nws qhov tsis muaj peev xwm feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev pheej hmoo siab plawv. Nws yog vim lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov vitamin hauv kev tsim cov qe ntshav liab. Yog vim li cas nws tseem hu ua "liab" vitamin.

B12 deficiency anemia yog dab tsi?

- Pernicious lossis B12 deficiency anemia yog qhov mob tshwm sim feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog vitamin B12 tsis txaus. Nws yog kab mob autoimmune ntawm cov ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv kwv yees li 2% ntawm cov neeg. Lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob yog mob ntev atrophic gastritis, uas ua rau lub parietal hlwb ntawm lub plab mucosa. Qhov no ua rau txo qis ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub cev (glycoprotein hu ua gastromucoprotein!

Kev mob ntshav qab zib tau tswj tau zoo nrog kev txhaj tshuaj vitamin B12 lossis tshuaj ua kua.

Qhov tseeb, pernicious anemia pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm cov vitamin no. Twb yog thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1920, thaum kev sim, nws tau tshawb pom tias thaum noj ntau lub siab (nws muaj ntau B12), kev txhim kho ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib pernicious tau pom. Thiab tau ntau xyoo, kom txog rau thaum pom cov metabolism hauv cov vitamin thiab kom txog thaum nws paub meej heev tau nkag siab, cov neeg mob no tsuas yog kho li no - los ntawm kev siv lub siab.

Thaum kev tshawb fawb tob ntxiv tau ua tiav hauv kev noj zaub mov thiab kev noj zaub mov, cov dej-soluble tshuaj uas yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob tau raug tshawb pom - uas yog, nws yog cov tsiaj txhu ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob. Thiab nws tsis yog txog thaum xyoo 1950 uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov qauv ua kom pom tseeb. Kev tsim cov vitamin hluavtaws kuj pib.

Koj qhov kev xav yog dab tsi, yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin no yog qhov teeb meem thoob plaws hauv Bulgarians thiab yog vim li cas rau qhov no?

- Yog, kev tsis txaus muaj ntau heev. Qhov laj thawj feem ntau yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin los ntawm cov khoom noj. Tam sim no nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam noj vegan. Tab sis, raws li kuv twb tau hais lawm, vitamin B12 tsuas yog pom hauv cov khoom tsiaj xwb. Thiab qhov ntawd ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qee cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov - ib qho ntawm lawv yog atrophic gastritis, vim nws txoj kev nqus dej yog qhov nyuaj heev.

Nws pib twb nyob rau hauv lub plab ntawm lub plab (lub plab sab sauv), thiab tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv mus rau ilium. Thiab yog li ntawd, yog tias qee qhov ntawm cov qauv anatomical cuam tshuam rau qee qhov laj thawj - yog tias muaj gastritis, iliitis (mob ntawm txoj hnyuv), kev nqus kuj cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv lub fundus ntawm lub plab, qhov intrinsic yam, uas kuv twb tau hais, yog secreted, uas khi rau cov vitamin thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ntxiv degradation. Thiab nyob rau hauv ilium, nws zoo dua nqus tau qhov chaw. Thiab yog tias ib qho ntawm cov koog no puas lawm, qhov tsis txaus kuj tuaj yeem pom.

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Yam dab tsi ua rau nyuaj dua lossis txo qhov nqus ntawm cov vitamin? Lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov vitamin B12 tsis txaus cuam tshuam rau koj li cas?

- Raws li kuv tau hais rau koj, vitamin B12 muaj cob alt thiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov ntawm cov tsiaj. Qhov no ua rau nws tsuas yog cov vitamin uas tsis tuaj yeem muab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag

los yog los ntawm lub hnub, raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm vitamin D. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg pab leg ntaubntawv hais tias ib co nroj tsuag muaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv B12, xws li cov fashionable superfood tam sim no - cov spirulina algae, yog dag.

Lawv tsis muaj B12, tab sis ib qho pseudo-B12, yog li hais, uas thaiv kev nce ntawm B12 tiag. Yuav kom tau txais B12 los ntawm cov zaub mov, koj yuav tsum noj nqaij, ntses, qe, khoom noj siv mis thiab cov khoom noj uas muaj zog nrog B12. Piv txwv li, tej cereals. Thiab tam sim no muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus uas muaj vitamin B12, txawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag - lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm kev zam lub plab zom mov.

Ntev npaum li cas vitamin B12 deficiency cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv?

- Kev tsis txaus siab ntev tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog txaus, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev qaug zog, qaug zog, nkees, tsis muaj zog, lub plawv dhia ceev, tsis qab los noj mov, daj ntseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yooj yim los ntshav, los ntshav, suav nrog ntawm cov pos hniav.

Kab mob plab - raws plab, cem quav - kuj tsis suav nrog. Cov teeb meem hauv paj hlwb - tawv tawv ntawm tes thiab taw, teeb meem hauv kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug, ntau yam kev nyuaj siab yuav tshwm sim.

Tsis ntev los no, feem ntau cov poj niam uas muaj kev nyuaj siab tau pom tias tsis muaj B12. Cov vitamin B12 complex ces ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv tus mob. Tsis meej pem, dementia, nco tsis zoo kuj yog cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tsis txaus. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nkag siab ntawm lub qhov ncauj, qee zaum tus nplaig. Xws li qhov tsis muaj peev xwm kuj pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob hloov pauv. Nrog Crohn tus kab mob, ulcerative colitis, ntau yam kab mob plab hnyuv ntawm ib qho keeb kwm, vitamin B12 deficiency yuav tsum tau nrhiav.

Hauv qhov no, qhov teeb meem ntawm B12 tsis txaus yog qhov tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas? Hauv koj qhov kev paub, nws kuaj tau li cas thiab lees paub?

- Kev saib xyuas ntau dua yog them rau cov vitamin tsis txaus, suav nrog B12. Kev sab laj tus kws tshaj lij thiab nug cov lus nug txog cov teeb meem kuv tau teev tseg yuav tsum txaus los txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem. Qee zaum nws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshuaj ntsuam. Piv txwv li, hauv tus neeg mob tsis noj zaub mov, qhia kev tshawb nrhiav B12 tsis txaus, txawm hais tias tsis muaj cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, tuaj yeem pab tau qee qhov hnyav.

Cov neeg uas txhawj xeeb txog lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tus hu hypochondriacs, yog overdiagnosed. Tab sis tib neeg tsis tau sim rau B12 en masse. Yog vim li cas yog qhov kev kuaj nws tus kheej kim, nws tsis them los ntawm He alth Insurance Fund.

Cov nyiaj pub dawb txhua hnub pom zoo yog dab tsi thiab peb cov zaub mov yuav tsum ua li cas thiaj li tau txais cov khoom noj?

- Peb xav tau me me ntawm cov vitamin - los ntawm 2 mus rau 4 micrograms ib hnub. Yog li nws yuav tsum yooj yim kom tau. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv vegans thiab neeg tsis noj nqaij. Tau kawg, muaj cov neeg uas tsis yog neeg tsis noj nqaij, tab sis lawv kuj muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin no, vim nws txo qis kev nqus hauv plab hnyuv.

Thaum noj ob lossis peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam nrog cov nqaij liab, ntses thiab ib lossis ob hnub - cov zaub mov tsis txaus yog cov zaub mov kom tau txais peb cov tshuaj noj txhua hnub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cereals, yog tias koj xaiv cov uas muaj zog, kuj tseem txhawb nqa cov vitamin tseem ceeb no.

Peb yuav tsum coj li cas?

Ua ntej peb pib noj cov vitamins, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntsuas lawv cov nyiaj hauv lub cev, kev kuaj sim pab hauv qhov no. Kev txiav txim siab txog kev kho cov tshuaj vitamin yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob

Muaj cov cai rau sau cov vitamins: koob tshuaj prophylactic yuav tsum siab tshaj qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev txhua hnub, thiab cov tshuaj kho mob yuav tsum siab dua li kev tiv thaiv. Thiab lwm qhov tseem ceeb - kev siv cov kev npaj ua ke. Vitamin B12, txawm tias nws zoo npaum li cas, ua haujlwm ua ke nrog folic acid. Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws, rau ob cov vitamins no yuav tsum tau ntxiv ob qho ntxiv - B1 thiab B6

Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev nqus ntawm vitamin B12, kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular yog nyiam. Qhov normalization ntawm hemoglobin qib yuav tsum tsis txhob yog vim li cas thiaj li yuav tsum tau nres kev kho mob - tom qab 2-3 xyoos, qhov kev pheej hmoo rov qab los. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob kho nrog qis dua yog pom zoo

Cov neeg uas tsis tuaj yeem nqus B12 los ntawm cov zaub mov tau pom tias tsis tuaj yeem nqus B12 los ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ib yam nkaus

Nws cov ntsiab lus yog nplua nuj tshaj hauv 100 g ntawm cov khoom hauv qab no:

• nyuj siab - 71 mcg, • molluscs - 84 mcg, • fortified cereals - 6 mcg, • hauv 200 g ntawm yogurt - 1 μg, • hauv ib lub qe loj - 0.5 mcg, • ib nrab lub mis qaib - 0.5 mcg.

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